Thermal effects research focuses on studying how heat and temperature changes impact various systems, materials, and processes. This research area involves investigating the effects of thermal energy on objects and how it influences their properties, behaviors, and performance. Researchers in this field explore phenomena such as thermal expansion, thermal conductivity, heat transfer, and thermal management to better understand the impact of temperature on different systems and develop strategies to optimize performance and efficiency. Thermal effects research is interdisciplinary and can span a wide range of disciplines, including physics, materials science, engineering, and environmental science.